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Showing posts with the label ExerciseandMaterial

Getting Started with Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)

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OSPF is amazing and funzional in enterprise networks. The OSPF interior routing protocol is very common. OSPF performs an excellent job of estimating cost values in order to choose the shortest path to its destinations first. The three types of Open Shortest Path First activities are as follows: Neighbor and adjacency initialization LSA flooding SPF tree calculation We'll go through the fundamentals of Open Shortest Path First, as well as its functionality and setup, in this report.   ON THIS PAGE: Getting Started with Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Initialization of neighbours and adjacencies Flooding and State Advertisements The fundamentals of Open Shortest Path First configuration   Initialization of neighbours and adjacencies[ps2id id='Initialization of neighbours and adjacencies' target=''/] This is the very first step in the Open Shortest Path First method. This role, as well as the ma...

Differences between IPv4 vs IPv6: Everything You Need to Know

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Everything from appliances to vehicles may be linked with IPv6. The fact that IPv6 has more IT addresses than IPv4 isn't the sole benefit of IPv6 over IPv4. Here are six additional reasons to make sure your gear, software, and services support IPv6 in celebration of World IPv6 Day. IPv4 vs IPv6 are the most demanded request. It's no secret that the Internet, which presently uses the internet protocol version 4 (IPv4) , has a finite amount of IP addresses and has already run out of them to meet current demand. With ever-increasing Internet penetration and the majority of the population owning one or more smart devices, the new protocol version 6 (IPv6) is widely regarded as the best solution for meeting such demands, especially since the number of IPv6 addresses available is sufficient to assign an address to every atom on the planet. Despite the fact that IPv4 is still the industry standard , the new version of the Internet protocol is gradually repl...

The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Attacks (Layer 2) + Understand the Basics

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Spanning Tree Protocol (TP) is a network layer protocol that aids in the creation of a logical loop-free topology for ethernet networks. With the passage of time, several improved implementations of STP entered the industry, introducing new changes to the protocol: 802.1D / STP (Original STP) PVST+ is a combination of PVST and PVST (Cisco improvements of STP, adding a per VLAN feature) 802.1W / RSTP (Improved STP with much faster convergence) Rapid PVST+ (Cisco improvement of RSTP, adding per VLAN feature)     ON THIS PAGE: The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Attacks (Layer 2) + Understand the Basics STP Varieties Understanding the Differences Between 802.1D and 802.1Q Common STP Recognizing 802.1w Rapid STP Understanding Multiple STP in 802.1s More Information about STP Operation Timers for the Entire Network STP and BroadCast Storm Broadcast Storm (Scenario 1) Scenario 2: Packets that a...

ISO/OSI in depth: Network vs. Transport

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  ON THIS PAGE: ISO/OSI in depth: Network vs. Transport ISO/ OSI Reference Model Figure 2: Functions of the Host and Node Transport Headers that are Encrypted Interfering with the Transport Protocol Carriage vs. Content     The ISO/OSI is called "stacked" protocol model is one of the most fundamental techniques in network architecture. This model was created in the late 1970s as part of a larger attempt to create general networking principles and methods. The Basic Reference Model for Open Systems Interconnection, also known as the Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model or the " OSI model ," was established in 1983 when the CCITT and ISO combined their efforts. This architecture provided a seven-layer abstract networking model that described standard behaviours for the overall network functionality as well as the network's various components.   What is OSI Model?   ISO/ OSI...